See jonger on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"麻將",
"麻將#Chinese"
],
[
"麻将",
"麻将#Chinese"
],
[
"mahjong",
"mahjong#English"
],
[
"jong",
"jong#English"
],
[
"*-eh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-eh₂"
],
[
"*-os",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-os#Proto-Indo-European:_athematic"
],
[
"*-yós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yós#Proto-Indo-European:_suffix"
],
[
"*-āsios",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-āsios#Proto-Italic:_adjective"
],
[
"-ārius",
"-arius#Latin:_adjective"
],
[
"-ārius",
"-arius#Latin:_agent_noun"
],
[
"*-ārijaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-ārijaz#Proto-Germanic:_noun"
],
[
"*-ārī",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/-ārī#Proto-West_Germanic:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"-ere",
"-ere#Old_English:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"-ere",
"-ere#Middle_English:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"-ārius",
"-arius#Latin:_agent_noun"
],
[
"-ier",
"-ier#Old_French:_nouns"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#Middle_English:_agentive"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#English:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"jong",
"jong#English"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#English:_agent_suffix"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "jong",
"4": "-er<id:agent suffix>",
"text": "1",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nChinese 麻將 /麻将bor.\nEnglish mahjongclip.\nEnglish jong\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-os?\nProto-Indo-European *-o-\nProto-Indo-European *-so-\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂so-\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂s(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-āsijos\nProto-Italic *-āsios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\n▲\nLatin -ārius\nOld French -ierbor.\nMiddle English -er\nEnglish -er\nEnglish jonger\n[Appendix:Glossary#clipping|Clipping]] of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Chinese\", \"term\" : \"麻將\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"zh\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"mahjong\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"clipping\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"jong\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"nom.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Nominalization of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-āsijos\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-eh₂s(i)yós\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-eh₂so-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eh₂\", \"status\" : \"ambiguous\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*-so-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*-o-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āsios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"nominalization\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārijaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārī\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agentive\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":nom\", \"3\" : \"-ārius<id:adjective>\", \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"title\" : \"-ārius\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ier\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"jonger\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"jonger\">\nFrom jong + -er.",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "jong",
"4": "-er<id:agent suffix>",
"text": "1",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nChinese 麻將 /麻将bor.\nEnglish mahjongclip.\nEnglish jong\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-os?\nProto-Indo-European *-o-\nProto-Indo-European *-so-\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂so-\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂s(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-āsijos\nProto-Italic *-āsios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\n▲\nLatin -ārius\nOld French -ierbor.\nMiddle English -er\nEnglish -er\nEnglish jonger\nFrom jong + -er.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nChinese 麻將 /麻将bor.\nEnglish mahjongclip.\nEnglish jong\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-os?\nProto-Indo-European *-o-\nProto-Indo-European *-so-\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂so-\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂s(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-āsijos\nProto-Italic *-āsios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\n▲\nLatin -ārius\nOld French -ierbor.\nMiddle English -er\nEnglish -er\nEnglish jonger\nFrom jong + -er.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jongers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "jonger (plural jongers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -er (agent suffix)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Mahjong",
"orig": "en:Mahjong",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
11,
18
]
],
"ref": "2020 October 19, @GingerDisruptif, Twitter (post), archived from the original on 09 Sep 2026:",
"text": "Muh fellow jongers, do you listen to music while playing?",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
10
]
],
"ref": "2025 April 1, @tiggyshiba.bsky.social, “Archived copy”, in Bluesky, archived from the original on 10 Sep 2026:",
"text": "The Jonger... 🀄️🀄️🀄️",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
12
]
],
"ref": "2025 June 21, Deleted user, “Archived copy”, in Reddit, archived from the original on 09 Sep 2026:",
"text": "I'm a jonger, not a card gamer",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A mahjong player"
],
"id": "en-jonger-en-noun-uU~IPXRw",
"links": [
[
"mahjong",
"mahjong"
],
[
"mahjong",
"mahjong"
],
[
"player",
"player"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, mahjong) A mahjong player"
],
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"topics": [
"board-games",
"games",
"mahjong"
]
}
],
"word": "jonger"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "comparative adjective"
},
"expansion": "jonger",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Afrikaans entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "jonk"
}
],
"glosses": [
"comparative degree of jonk"
],
"id": "en-jonger-af-adj-~S3R62Q6",
"links": [
[
"jonk",
"jonk#Afrikaans"
]
],
"tags": [
"comparative",
"form-of"
]
}
],
"word": "jonger"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "adjective form"
},
"expansion": "jonger",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "jong"
}
],
"glosses": [
"comparative degree of jong"
],
"id": "en-jonger-nl-adj-C4iLq8Ok",
"links": [
[
"jong",
"jong#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"comparative",
"form-of"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Nl-jonger.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5b/Nl-jonger.ogg/Nl-jonger.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5b/Nl-jonger.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔŋər"
}
],
"word": "jonger"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"jonger",
"jonger#Dutch"
],
[
"jongen",
"jongen#Dutch"
],
[
"jong",
"jong#Dutch"
],
[
"jonger",
"jonger#Dutch"
],
[
"jongere",
"jongere#Dutch"
],
[
"kind",
"kind#Dutch"
],
[
"kinders",
"kinders#Dutch"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-jdt",
"2": "nl",
"3": "jonger",
"t": "boy"
},
"expansion": "Dutch jonger (“boy”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "jongere",
"t": "youth, adolescent"
},
"expansion": "Dutch jongere (“youth, adolescent”)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From dialectal Dutch jonger (“boy”), variant of jongen (also jong). Derived from the comparative jonger (“younger”), cf. standard Dutch jongere (“youth, adolescent”). The plural jongers also appears in Dutch dialects with singular jong(en) by analogy with kind > kinders etc.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jongers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jonge",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-jdt",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "jongers"
},
"expansion": "jonger (plural jongers)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Jersey Dutch",
"lang_code": "gmw-jdt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Jersey Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
18,
25
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
14,
18
]
],
"english": "A man had two sons. […]",
"ref": "1912, Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsche taal— en letterkunde, volumes 31-32, page 309:",
"text": "En kääd'l had twî jongers; […]",
"translation": "A man had two sons. […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"boy, male kid, son"
],
"id": "en-jonger-gmw-jdt-noun-vrZknRHZ",
"links": [
[
"boy",
"boy"
],
[
"kid",
"kid"
],
[
"son",
"son"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈjɔŋ.ər/"
}
],
"word": "jonger"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "adjective form"
},
"expansion": "jonger",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Luxembourgish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "jong"
}
],
"glosses": [
"feminine dative of jong"
],
"id": "en-jonger-lb-adj-v0fkC9Mo",
"links": [
[
"jong",
"jong#Luxembourgish"
]
],
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"form-of"
]
}
],
"word": "jonger"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "comparative adjective"
},
"expansion": "jonger",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Afrikaans comparative adjectives",
"Afrikaans entries with incorrect language header",
"Afrikaans non-lemma forms",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "jonk"
}
],
"glosses": [
"comparative degree of jonk"
],
"links": [
[
"jonk",
"jonk#Afrikaans"
]
],
"tags": [
"comparative",
"form-of"
]
}
],
"word": "jonger"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "adjective form"
},
"expansion": "jonger",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch adjective forms",
"Dutch comparative adjectives",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɔŋər",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɔŋər/2 syllables"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "jong"
}
],
"glosses": [
"comparative degree of jong"
],
"links": [
[
"jong",
"jong#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"comparative",
"form-of"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Nl-jonger.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5b/Nl-jonger.ogg/Nl-jonger.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5b/Nl-jonger.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔŋər"
}
],
"word": "jonger"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"麻將",
"麻將#Chinese"
],
[
"麻将",
"麻将#Chinese"
],
[
"mahjong",
"mahjong#English"
],
[
"jong",
"jong#English"
],
[
"*-eh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-eh₂"
],
[
"*-os",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-os#Proto-Indo-European:_athematic"
],
[
"*-yós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yós#Proto-Indo-European:_suffix"
],
[
"*-āsios",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-āsios#Proto-Italic:_adjective"
],
[
"-ārius",
"-arius#Latin:_adjective"
],
[
"-ārius",
"-arius#Latin:_agent_noun"
],
[
"*-ārijaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-ārijaz#Proto-Germanic:_noun"
],
[
"*-ārī",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/-ārī#Proto-West_Germanic:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"-ere",
"-ere#Old_English:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"-ere",
"-ere#Middle_English:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"-ārius",
"-arius#Latin:_agent_noun"
],
[
"-ier",
"-ier#Old_French:_nouns"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#Middle_English:_agentive"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#English:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"jong",
"jong#English"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#English:_agent_suffix"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "jong",
"4": "-er<id:agent suffix>",
"text": "1",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nChinese 麻將 /麻将bor.\nEnglish mahjongclip.\nEnglish jong\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-os?\nProto-Indo-European *-o-\nProto-Indo-European *-so-\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂so-\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂s(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-āsijos\nProto-Italic *-āsios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\n▲\nLatin -ārius\nOld French -ierbor.\nMiddle English -er\nEnglish -er\nEnglish jonger\n[Appendix:Glossary#clipping|Clipping]] of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Chinese\", \"term\" : \"麻將\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"zh\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"mahjong\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"clipping\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"jong\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"nom.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Nominalization of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-āsijos\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-eh₂s(i)yós\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-eh₂so-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eh₂\", \"status\" : \"ambiguous\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*-so-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*-o-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āsios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"nominalization\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārijaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārī\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agentive\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":nom\", \"3\" : \"-ārius<id:adjective>\", \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"title\" : \"-ārius\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ier\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"jonger\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"jonger\">\nFrom jong + -er.",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "jong",
"4": "-er<id:agent suffix>",
"text": "1",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nChinese 麻將 /麻将bor.\nEnglish mahjongclip.\nEnglish jong\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-os?\nProto-Indo-European *-o-\nProto-Indo-European *-so-\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂so-\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂s(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-āsijos\nProto-Italic *-āsios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\n▲\nLatin -ārius\nOld French -ierbor.\nMiddle English -er\nEnglish -er\nEnglish jonger\nFrom jong + -er.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nChinese 麻將 /麻将bor.\nEnglish mahjongclip.\nEnglish jong\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-os?\nProto-Indo-European *-o-\nProto-Indo-European *-so-\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂so-\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂s(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-āsijos\nProto-Italic *-āsios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\n▲\nLatin -ārius\nOld French -ierbor.\nMiddle English -er\nEnglish -er\nEnglish jonger\nFrom jong + -er.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jongers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "jonger (plural jongers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English slang",
"English terms suffixed with -er (agent suffix)",
"English terms with quotations",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"en:Mahjong"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
11,
18
]
],
"ref": "2020 October 19, @GingerDisruptif, Twitter (post), archived from the original on 09 Sep 2026:",
"text": "Muh fellow jongers, do you listen to music while playing?",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
10
]
],
"ref": "2025 April 1, @tiggyshiba.bsky.social, “Archived copy”, in Bluesky, archived from the original on 10 Sep 2026:",
"text": "The Jonger... 🀄️🀄️🀄️",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
12
]
],
"ref": "2025 June 21, Deleted user, “Archived copy”, in Reddit, archived from the original on 09 Sep 2026:",
"text": "I'm a jonger, not a card gamer",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A mahjong player"
],
"links": [
[
"mahjong",
"mahjong"
],
[
"mahjong",
"mahjong"
],
[
"player",
"player"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, mahjong) A mahjong player"
],
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"topics": [
"board-games",
"games",
"mahjong"
]
}
],
"word": "jonger"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"jonger",
"jonger#Dutch"
],
[
"jongen",
"jongen#Dutch"
],
[
"jong",
"jong#Dutch"
],
[
"jonger",
"jonger#Dutch"
],
[
"jongere",
"jongere#Dutch"
],
[
"kind",
"kind#Dutch"
],
[
"kinders",
"kinders#Dutch"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-jdt",
"2": "nl",
"3": "jonger",
"t": "boy"
},
"expansion": "Dutch jonger (“boy”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "jongere",
"t": "youth, adolescent"
},
"expansion": "Dutch jongere (“youth, adolescent”)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From dialectal Dutch jonger (“boy”), variant of jongen (also jong). Derived from the comparative jonger (“younger”), cf. standard Dutch jongere (“youth, adolescent”). The plural jongers also appears in Dutch dialects with singular jong(en) by analogy with kind > kinders etc.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jongers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jonge",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-jdt",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "jongers"
},
"expansion": "jonger (plural jongers)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Jersey Dutch",
"lang_code": "gmw-jdt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Jersey Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Jersey Dutch lemmas",
"Jersey Dutch nouns",
"Jersey Dutch terms derived from Dutch",
"Jersey Dutch terms inherited from Dutch",
"Jersey Dutch terms with quotations",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"gmw-jdt:People"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
18,
25
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
14,
18
]
],
"english": "A man had two sons. […]",
"ref": "1912, Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsche taal— en letterkunde, volumes 31-32, page 309:",
"text": "En kääd'l had twî jongers; […]",
"translation": "A man had two sons. […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"boy, male kid, son"
],
"links": [
[
"boy",
"boy"
],
[
"kid",
"kid"
],
[
"son",
"son"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈjɔŋ.ər/"
}
],
"word": "jonger"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "adjective form"
},
"expansion": "jonger",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Luxembourgish adjective forms",
"Luxembourgish entries with incorrect language header",
"Luxembourgish non-lemma forms",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "jong"
}
],
"glosses": [
"feminine dative of jong"
],
"links": [
[
"jong",
"jong#Luxembourgish"
]
],
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"form-of"
]
}
],
"word": "jonger"
}
Download raw JSONL data for jonger meaning in All languages combined (13.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (c1bb342 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.